European Engine Oil Technology

ACEA C1-08

Overview

ACEA C1 oils are Top Tier lower SAPS1 lubricants. They are designed for use in high performance gasoline and light duty diesel engines where advanced aftertreatment systems such as Diesel Particulate Filters (DPFs) and Three Way Catalysts (TWC) are used.

ACEA C1 oils are typically low HTHS (≤3.5cP) SAE 5W-30 based on API Group III base oils. The main physical and chemical requirements for ACEA C1 are shown below:

Requirement Method Unit Limit
HTHS viscosity CEC L-36-A-90 cP
≥ 2.9
Sulphated Ash ASTM D874 %wt
≤ 0.5
Phosphorus ASTM D5185 %wt
≤ 0.05
Sulphur ASTM D5185 %wt
≤ 0.2
Evaporation loss (NOACK) CEC L-40-A-93 %
≤ 13
Total Base Number ASTM D2896 mgKOH/g
-

The low HTHS (≤3.5cP) and low sulphated ash (≤0.5%) required by ACEA C1 limits the number of additional performance claims that can be coupled with ACEA C1. ACEA C1 is usually coupled with JASO DL-1.

At present there are no OEM performance claims that require an ACEA C1 level of performance.

Note 1: SAPS refers to Sulphated Ash, Phosphorus and Sulphur, the levels of which are often restricted in the latest performance specifications.

Changes

ACEA C1 was first introduced into the ACEA Oil Sequences in 2004 and was not updated in the 2007 issue of the Sequences.

For ACEA 2008 a number of changes to the requirements for ACEA C1 have been made. These include the inclusion of the new OM646LA engine test, as a replacement for the OM602A, along with increases in sludge handling and fuel economy improvement.

The inclusion of the new OM646LA engine test raises the diesel wear protection performance demanded from ACEA C1 oils.

The changes for ACEA 2008 are summarised below:

Test Change for ACEA 2008
OM602A Removed.
OM646LA New test added
M111FE Fuel economy improvement increased from ≥ 2.5% to ≥ 3.0%
M111SL Average engine sludge to requirement to increase from ≥ RL140 to ≥ RL140 +4 standard deviations
or ≥ 9.0%

Relative Performance

The relative performance diagrams presented below compare Lubrizol's interpretation of the performance of requirements of the existing ACEA 2007 C1-07 oil sequence with the ACEA 2008 version. As shown, ACEA 2008 C1-08 represents an upgrade in wear protection, sludge handling and fuel economy improvement.

C107-08changes

Disclaimer
The relative performance diagrams represent an interpretation made by The Lubrizol Corporation ("Lubrizol") of various rules and specifications. They are not a literal translation of a performance specification and should not be used as a replacement for evaluating engine oil performance in accordance with the relevant vehicle manufacturer's requirements. They are presented to assist the reader in visualizing some of the parameters that need to be considered and balanced when formulating a lubricant. Lubrizol accepts no liability for any losses or damages incurred by the user as a result of them relying on the interpretation made by Lubrizol. Readers are advised to consult the specific rules for greater detail with regard to meeting the requirements as set forth in any specification.